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61.
印度洋海盆沉积物作为重要的稀土资源,已成为保障我国稀土供应的重要途径。为探究利用印度洋海盆沉积物提取稀土的可行性,通过激光粒度分析、化学物相分析、SEM分析等考察了某印度洋海盆沉积
物中稀土元素赋存状态,并采用硫酸为浸出剂,研究硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度及时间对稀土浸出率的影响,对最佳条件下获得的浸出液通过氨水中和沉淀净化。结果表明:①沉积物颗粒极细,体积平均粒径仅
4.47 μm,其主要矿物组成为黏土、锰氧化物、石英、长石、云母、绿泥石和石盐,其中稀土主要赋存于磷灰石中,占总稀土比例达73.10%;②在硫酸浓度2 mol/L,液固比7∶1,浸出温度55 ℃,浸出时间120 min的
最佳条件下,主要稀土元素La、Ce、Nd和Y的浸出率分别为80.57%,66.33%,88.42%和93.25%,高价值的重稀土Gd、Dy和Er浸出率分别为92.63%、55.30%和93.17%。③稀土浸出液成分复杂,且稀土含量偏低,仅有100
mg/L左右,采用氨水调节pH值至5.14,可有效去除Al和Fe,但稀土损失率也达到了30.85%。该研究结果对进一步开发利用深海稀土资源具有重要意义。 相似文献
62.
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The idea of integral calculus is used in traditional milling force prediction methods. In the traditional method, the milling cutter is divided into... 相似文献
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64.
The red grape berry pigments, anthocyanins, were characterized in the early 20th century, but investigations of wine pigments were stymied during that era. The question of their identity was a major challenge for wine chemists. A number of techniques showed that the pigments were polymeric in nature. Some structures were postulated by mid-century based on reactions between anthocyanins and condensed tannin, and later postulated wine pigments were observed in model reactions. Some related compounds were then observed in wine. By the end of the 20th century, the ionization of non-volatiles for mass spectrometry opened the door to these compounds. In addition, a new class of compounds was observed, the pyranoanthocyanins, a product of fermentation and aging metabolites with anthocyanins. These compounds possess the pigment stability to SO2 and pH change that is characteristic of aged red wine. Aging experiments show a dynamic situation with shifts in the population of pigment classes over time. The very large number of diverse pigments explains why it has been so difficult to answer the century-old question of the structure of wine pigments. Our current understanding is founded on the use of mass spectral analysis using electrospray and related ionization techniques over the last 25 years. Future progress will rely on more sophisticated analysis of this very complex mixture of substances. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Linlin Zhu Liyuan Zhang Xi Li Xiaoqi Jin Tiejun Shi 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》2020,28(7):551-560
AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by polyether amine (PEA) via two methods which were one-pot modification in acetone (GON) and two steps with the intermediate product of GOCO-Cl generated (GONS). There were more PEA successfully grafted onto GO for GONS than GON. The onset polymerization temperatures of the benzoxazine (Bz) composites decreased by the inclusion of 1?wt% of GO, GON or GONS. Thermal stability of the polybenzoxazine (PBz) composites was significantly improved indicated from the increase of weight loss temperature. T10, T20 and T50 values of the composites with GONS were higher than that of the others. Toughness of PBzs may be enhanced by the incorporation of nanofillers, and GONS had stronger interfacial interaction with PBz matrix than GON. 相似文献
68.
Bo-Yao Lu Guan-Yin Zhu Chen-Hao Yu Ge-Yun Chen Chao-Liang Zhang Xin Zeng Qian-Ming Chen Qiang Peng 《Nano Research》2021,14(1):185-190
Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial agents is of great importance since antibiotic therapy faces great challenges from drug resistance.Graphene oxide(GO)is a promising agent due to its natural antibacterial mechanisms,such as sharp edgemediated cutting effect.However,the antibacterial activity of GO is limited by its negative charge and low photothermal effect.Herein,the amino-functionalized GO nanosheets(AGO)with unique three-in-one properties were synthesized.Three essential properties(positive charge,strong photothermal effect,and natural cutting effect)were integrated into AGO.The positive charge(30 mV)rendered AGO a strong interaction force with model pathogen Streptococcus mutans(330 nN).The natural cutting effect of 100 ng·mL-1AGO caused 27%loss of bacterial viability after incubation for 30 min.Most importantly,upon the near-infrared irradiation for just 5 min,the three-in-one properties of AGO caused 98%viability loss.In conclusion,the short irradiation period and the tunable antibacterial activity confer the three-in-one AGO a great potential for clinical use. 相似文献
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Xiaoqin Zhang Shugang Ma Ang Shen Jin Zhu Zhisen Shen Jinggang Wang Xiaoqing Liu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2020,137(44):49365
Poly(butylene terephthalate-co-butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) copolyesters (PBTFs) were synthesized from 1,4-butanediol, dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) by a two-step polymerization method. Their chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance before thermal properties were explored with differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analyzer. Results showed that PBTFs changed from semi-crystalline to completely amorphous when the content of FDCA unit was increased to 45 mol% at first, and then became crystallographic again with the further increment of FDCA unit to 75 mol%. For their mechanical properties, the tensile modulus and strength showed the similar trend, decreasing firstly and then increasing later. Their barrier to carbon dioxide and oxygen became better with the increasing of furan content due to the rigidity and higher polarity of furan ring. The performance of PBTFs copolyesters was investigated clearly, and the relative content of FDCA and DMT can be adjusted to satisfy different performance requirements. 相似文献